RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a useful intervention for patients with impaired swallowing and a functional gastrointestinal system. Neurological diseases that cause neuromotor dysphagia, brain tumors, and cerebrovascular disease are the most frequent indications; complications are rare, and morbidity and mortality rates are low. OBJECTIVE: To describe the usefulness of PEG in patients with neurological diseases, and its impact on care, survival, and costs and benefits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study, reviewing clinical files of patients hospitalised at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (years 2015-2017) who underwent PEG placement. RESULTS: The sample included 51 patients: 62.7% were women and the mean (SD) age was 54.4 (18.6) years (range, 18-86). Diagnosis was tumor in 37.3% of cases and cerebrovascular disease in 33.3%. Sixteen patients (33.3%) died and 11 presented minor complications. The PEG tube remained in place for a mean of 9.14 months; in 52.9% of patients it was removed due to lack of improvement and/or tolerated oral intake, with removal occurring after a mean of 5.1 (4.4) months. Among patients' family members, 78.4% reported a great benefit, 43.1% reported difficulty caring for the PEG, and 45.1% reported complicated care in general. The monthly cost of maintaining the PEG was 175.78 on average (range, 38.38-293.45). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study reveals that PEG was well indicated in patients with neurological diseases, with survival rates similar to those reported in other studies with long follow-up periods. In patients with cerebrovascular disease, the PEG tube remained in place a mean of 9.14 months, during recovery of swallowing function; however, the cost is high for our population.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares , Transtornos de Deglutição , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Gastrostomia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introducción: La gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea (GEP) es útil para personas con problemas de la vía oral con viabilidad de la vía gástrica. Las enfermedades neurológicas que producen disfagia neuromotora, tumores cerebrales y enfermedad vascular cerebral son las que tienen mayor indicación; las complicaciones son escasas y baja la morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad de la GEP en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas y el impacto en el cuidado, sobrevida y coste-beneficio. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo, mediante revisión de expedientes clínicos de pacientes hospitalizados en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (años 2015-2017) que se realizó GEP. Resultados: Se incluyeron 51 pacientes: 62,7% mujeres, edad promedio 54,4 ± 18,6 años (rango; 18 a 86). Diagnósticos: tumor del SNC 37,3% y EVC 33,3%. Mortalidad 33,3% (16 pacientes): 11 presentaron complicaciones menores. Permanencia de la GEP: promedio 9,14 meses. Al 52,9% se le retiró por mejoría y/o toleró la VO, con tiempo promedio 5,1 ± 4,4 meses. El 78,4% de los familiares reportó gran beneficio, el 43,1% percibió difícil el cuidado de la GEP y el 45,1% refirió complicado el cuidado en general. El coste de mantener la GEP mensual fue de 175,78 en promedio (rango de 38,38 a 293,45 ). Discusión y conclusiones: Este primer estudio revela que la GEP fue bien indicada en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas, con sobrevida similar a la reportada en otras investigaciones con seguimiento prolongado. En pacientes con EVC la permanencia de la GEP fue de 9,14 meses en promedio, por recuperación de la vía oral; sin embargo, el coste es elevado para nuestra población. (AU)
Introduction: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a useful intervention for patients with impaired swallowing and a functional gastrointestinal system. Neurological diseases that cause neuromotor dysphagia, brain tumors, and cerebrovascular disease are the most frequent indications; complications are rare, and morbidity and mortality rates are low. Objective: To describe the usefulness of PEG in patients with neurological diseases, and its impact on care, survival, and costs and benefits. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective observational study, reviewing clinical files of patients hospitalised at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (years 2015-2017) who underwent PEG placement. Results: The sample included 51 patients: 62.7% were women and the mean (SD) age was 54.4 (18.6) years (range, 18-86). Diagnosis was tumor in 37.3% of cases and cerebrovascular disease in 33.3%. Sixteen patients (33.3%) died and 11 presented minor complications. The PEG tube remained in place for a mean of 9.14 months; in 52.9% of patients it was removed due to lack of improvement and/or tolerated oral intake, with removal occurring after a mean of 5.1 (4.4) months. Among patients family members, 78.4% reported a great benefit, 43.1% reported difficulty caring for the PEG, and 45.1% reported complicated care in general. The monthly cost of maintaining the PEG was 175.78 on average (range, 38.38-293.45). Discussion and conclusions: This preliminary study reveals that PEG was well indicated in patients with neurological diseases, with survival rates similar to those reported in other studies with long follow-up periods. In patients with cerebrovascular disease, the PEG tube remained in place a mean of 9.14 months, during recovery of swallowing function; however, the cost is high for our population. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Gastrostomia/efeitos adversos , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Cuidadores , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Sobrevida , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a useful intervention for patients with impaired swallowing and a functional gastrointestinal system. Neurological diseases that cause neuromotor dysphagia, brain tumors, and cerebrovascular disease are the most frequent indications; complications are rare, and morbidity and mortality rates are low. OBJECTIVE: To describe the usefulness of PEG in patients with neurological diseases, and its impact on care, survival, and costs and benefits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study, reviewing clinical files of patients hospitalised at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (years 2015-2017) who underwent PEG placement. RESULTS: The sample included 51 patients: 62.7% were women and the mean (SD) age was 54.4 (18.6) years (range, 18-86). Diagnosis was tumor in 37.3% of cases and cerebrovascular disease in 33.3%. Sixteen patients (33.3%) died and 11 presented minor complications. The PEG tube remained in place for a mean of 9.14 months; in 52.9% of patients it was removed due to lack of improvement and/or tolerated oral intake, with removal occurring after a mean of 5.1 (4.4) months. Among patients' family members, 78.4% reported a great benefit, 43.1% reported difficulty caring for the PEG, and 45.1% reported complicated care in general. The monthly cost of maintaining the PEG was 175.78 on average (range, 38.38-293.45). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study reveals that PEG was well indicated in patients with neurological diseases, with survival rates similar to those reported in other studies with long follow-up periods. In patients with cerebrovascular disease, the PEG tube remained in place a mean of 9.14 months, during recovery of swallowing function; however, the cost is high for our population.
